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ID Category Severity Type Date Submitted Last Update
0001628 [1003.1(2024)/Issue8] Shell and Utilities Editorial Enhancement Request 2023-01-15 17:18 2024-07-25 16:19
Reporter mirabilos View Status public  
Assigned To
Priority normal Resolution Accepted As Marked  
Status Resolved  
Name mirabilos
Organization MirBSD
User Reference
Section xargs(1)
Page Number 3600
Line Number 123148-123149
Interp Status ---
Final Accepted Text See Note: 0006844.
Summary 0001628: Add -o (reopen stdin) option to xargs(1)
Description Now that 243 is accepted, I would like to request the addition of another option to xargs(1) to make it really useful. It’s a BSD thing:

     -o Reopen stdin as /dev/tty in the child process before executing
             the command. This is useful if you want xargs to run an interac-
             tive application.

I’ve been using this a *lot*, as something like…

$ git find \*.h -print0 | xargs -0o $EDITOR

… (where https://github.com/mirabilos/git-find/ [^] is the tool in question), or with just a simple find, or a (git) grep -Z. I also have been able to successfully convince GNU coreutils to add precisely this (they also added a GNU --long-option but added it with -o for BSD compatibility). (I know I should use -0or but I lazily skip the -r if I know there’s at least one anyway.)
Desired Action In SYNOPSIS, change -0ptrx to -0optrx.

In DESCRIPTION, where it says the results are unspecified if the utility reads from stdin, add unless the -o flag is given.

In OPTIONS, add:

.It Fl o
Reopen stdin as
.Pa /dev/tty
in the child process before executing the command.
This is useful if you want
.Nm
to run an interactive application.

In INPUT FILES, mention that -o also uses /dev/tty.

Possibly add a suitable example; do we have grep -Z yet in POSIX (it’s not in 243)? Otherwise, 'find . -name \*.h -print0 | xargs -0or $EDITOR' will probably do.
Tags issue9
Attached Files

- Relationships
related to 0001801Resolved Issue 8 drafts xargs: add -P option 

-  Notes
(0006111)
oguzismailuysal (reporter)
2023-01-15 17:57

 I don't think this is a good example:

    find . -name \*.h -print0 | xargs -0or $EDITOR

xargs is not even necessary there. See:

    find . -name '*.h' -exec "$EDITOR" {} +
(0006112)
stephane (reporter)
2023-01-16 08:12

 Note that with cmd1 | xargs -r0o cmd2 --, cmd2's stdin is /dev/tty even when that command is in a script and that script has its input redirected.

GNU xargs'

xargs -r0a <(cmd1) cmd2 --

Is better IMO as cmd2's stdin is the script's stdin, not the pipe nor /dev/null nor /dev/tty, though that needs a shell with process substitution support which is not in POSIX yet (and means the exit status of cmd1 is lost in most shells, even with the pipefail option on).

In any case, both can be done already with the current proposed spec albeit quite awkwardly:

cmd1 | xargs -r0 sh -c 'exec cmd2 -- "$@" < /dev/tty' sh

for the first

{ cmd1 3<&- | xargs -r0 sh -c 'exec cmd2 -- "$@" <&3 3<&-' sh; } <&0

for the second (where cmd1's exit status is not lost if using pipefail).
(0006117)
mirabilos (reporter)
2023-01-20 20:46

 oguzismailuysal wrote:

> find . -name '*.h' -exec "$EDITOR" {} +

Most people I know can never remember the -exec syntax and avoid advanced use of find(1). But the aforementioned “git find” as well as various greps etc. do not offer this anyway, and it’d be good to have it for symmetry. Using find(1) is just concocting an easy-to-remember example… *especially* as you can go from there to …-print0 | while IFS= read -rd '' file; do… immediately.


stephane wrote:

> xargs -r0a <(cmd1) cmd2 --

Yuk, that’s even GNU bash-specific.

> Note that with cmd1 | xargs -r0o cmd2 --, cmd2's stdin is /dev/tty even
> when that command is in a script and that script has its input redirected.

Yes, that’s a good thing.

> quite awkwardly:

Same thing as above: nobody’s going to remember these.

IIRC the people in GNU coreutils mentioned the same but decided to implement BSD’s -o nevertheless because of its utility in making things better for users and consistent across OSes.
(0006119)
gbrandenrobinson (reporter)
2023-01-20 21:12

 "Yuk, that’s even GNU bash-specific."

No, that goes back farther, at least to Tom Duff's rc shell, which was implemented more famously for Plan 9 from Bell Labs but also for Tenth Edition Research Unix (1989).

https://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/gnu2/rc/plan9.ps [^]
(0006121)
mirabilos (reporter)
2023-01-20 21:50

 I meant the use of the <(…) construct here that’s necessary to make this somewhat writabl…ish.

(But still not as good as the easily pluggable xargs solution; same argument as for -exec really, you can add xargs to inspect part of the pipeline, then put something else there instead.)
(0006129)
stephane (reporter)
2023-01-22 19:29
edited on: 2023-01-24 09:58

 Re: Note: 0006117

> > xargs -r0a <(cmd1) cmd2 --
>
> Yuk, that’s even GNU bash-specific.

There's nothing bash-specific in there. Process substitution is from ksh (first documented in ksh86), and is also found with that syntax in zsh (since 1990) and bash (since 1993). In yash, <(cmd) is process redirection, /dev/fd/3 3<(cmd) there works similarly to ksh's <(cmd).

rc, es, akanga, fish also have process substitution support, though with different syntaxes.

That's quite an essential feature.

I suspect one of the reasons it was not specified by POSIX back then was because in ksh88 at the time, it only worked on systems that had /dev/fd/x support. Other shells (including recent versions of ksh93) can resort to named pipe (zsh and Byron Rakitzis's rc clone originally were only using named pipe, likely because they were developed on systems without /dev/fd)
(0006844)
Don Cragun (manager)
2024-07-25 16:07
edited on: 2024-07-25 16:12

 All page and line numbers in the following are from Issue 8.

After applying bug 1801, change:
[-P maxprocs] [-s size] [utility [argument...]]
in the SYNOPSIS to:
[-o|-P maxprocs] [-s size] [utility [argument...]]


After P3601, L123219, add:
-o
Reopen standard input in the child process from /dev/tty before starting utility. This allows utility to run with user interaction.


After P3602, L123261 (INPUT FILES), add a new paragraph:
If the -o option is specified, the file /dev/tty is also used as the standard input for utility.


After P3604, L123357 (EXAMPLES), add a new item to the list of examples:
5.
If the following command is run in an interactive shell, xargs invokes an interactive editor on each of the header files in the file hierarchy rooted in the current working directory:

find . -name \*.h -print0 | xargs -0or -- "$EDITOR"

- Issue History
Date Modified Username Field Change
2023-01-15 17:18 mirabilos New Issue
2023-01-15 17:18 mirabilos Name => mirabilos
2023-01-15 17:18 mirabilos Organization => MirBSD
2023-01-15 17:18 mirabilos URL => https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/xargs.html [^]
2023-01-15 17:18 mirabilos Section => xargs(1)
2023-01-15 17:57 oguzismailuysal Note Added: 0006111
2023-01-16 08:12 stephane Note Added: 0006112
2023-01-20 20:46 mirabilos Note Added: 0006117
2023-01-20 21:12 gbrandenrobinson Note Added: 0006119
2023-01-20 21:50 mirabilos Note Added: 0006121
2023-01-22 19:29 stephane Note Added: 0006129
2023-01-24 09:58 stephane Note Edited: 0006129
2024-07-11 16:32 eblake Relationship added related to 0001801
2024-07-25 16:07 Don Cragun Note Added: 0006844
2024-07-25 16:10 Don Cragun Status New => Resolved
2024-07-25 16:10 Don Cragun Resolution Open => Accepted As Marked
2024-07-25 16:12 Don Cragun Tag Attached: tc1-2024
2024-07-25 16:12 Don Cragun Note Edited: 0006844
2024-07-25 16:15 geoffclare Project Online Pubs => 1003.1(2024)/Issue8
2024-07-25 16:16 geoffclare Tag Detached: tc1-2024
2024-07-25 16:16 geoffclare Tag Attached: issue9
2024-07-25 16:17 Don Cragun Page Number => (page or range of pages)
2024-07-25 16:17 Don Cragun Line Number => (Line or range of lines)
2024-07-25 16:17 Don Cragun Interp Status => ---
2024-07-25 16:17 Don Cragun Final Accepted Text => See Note: 0006844.
2024-07-25 16:19 Don Cragun Page Number (page or range of pages) => 3600
2024-07-25 16:19 Don Cragun Line Number (Line or range of lines) => 123148-123149

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